Typically consisting of ultra-thin metal or carbon foils, often unsupported or supported only by meshes, mounted on washers or machined frames, singly or in tandem. Many different metals are used for such items. Choice of metal(s) and thickness(es) determines passband of the filter.
EUV (EXTREME ULTRAVIOLET) FILTERS:
The most demanding of all: the thinnest possible metal or carbon foils, usually supported only by meshes, mounted on washers or machined frames, singly or in tandem. Choice of metal(s) and thickness(es) determines passband of the filter.
ACCELERATOR TARGETS:
Often ultra-thin carbon, sometimes with ultra-thin coatings of other materials, sometimes made with enriched isotopes, often on customer's special frames, always made to customer's specifications.
STRIPPER FOILS (BEAM STRIPPERS):
Specialized carbon accelerator targets, often mounted on target forks leaving one free edge of the foil exposed, thicknesses typically 0.3µm to 0.5µm.
VACUUM WINDOWS:
Thin-foil barriers between vacuum chambers needing one-way or mutual isolation, for protection of spectrometers, blocking light, particles, ultraviolet or x-rays, sometimes required to have areas of many square centimeters, rarely required to support a pressure difference of more than a few Pa.
TEM SUBSTRATES:
Thinnest carbon (or other materials) mounted on special grids for transmission electron microscopy.
