LC*GC

December 2009
November 2009
October 2009
September 2009
August 2009
July 2009
June 2009
May 2009
April 2009
March 2009
February 2009
January 2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1995 - 1996

COLUMNS

• COLUMN WATCH
  What Ever Happened to Capillary Electrochromatography?
  Frantisek Svec
  In this installment, columnist Ron Majors and guest columnist Frantisek Svec address the current status of CEC, once the hottest topic in the field.
  
• LC TROUBLESHOOTING
  LC Troubleshooting Strategies
  John W. Dolan
  John Dolan looks at ways to get to the root of some of the most common problems encountered in the lab.
  
• MS-THE PRACTICAL ART
  Solvent, Chemistry, and Other Myths in LC-MS
  Michael P. Balogh
  Michael Balogh uses examples such as the recent acetonitrile shortage to examine the topic of "the unknowable" as it pertains to separation science.
  
• INNOVATIONS IN HPLC
  Anatomy of a Contemporary LC System
  Michael Swartz
  In the inaugural installment of his new column, LCGC veteran Michael Swartz provides an overview of some of the newer LC technology used in contemporary LC laboratories.
  

EDITORIAL INDEX

• 2009 Index of Authors and Subjects
  LCGC provides its annual editorial index as a resource for readers.
  

DEPARTMENTS

• From the Editor
• Peaks of Interest
• Products
• Literature
• Calendar
• Classified Directory
• Ad Index

COLUMNS

• COLUMN WATCH
  Trends in HPLC Column Usage
  Ronald E. Majors
  Ron Majors examines the latest trends in HPLC column usage in the chromatography market.
  
• LC TROUBLESHOOTING
  Understanding a Powerful Tool for Comparison of LC Conditions
  Uwe D. Neue
  Guest author Uwe Neue develops the principle of kinetic plots from scratch to make them more accessible to a wider audience.
  
• GC CONNECTIONS
  Extreme Leaks
  John V. Hinshaw
  In this month's "GC Connections," John Hinshaw investigates how much air enters a gas stream in the face of extreme leaks.
  
• VALIDATION VIEWPOINT
  Analytical Method Validation: Back to Basics, Part I
  Michael Swartz and Ira Krull
  The authors present the first installment in their examination of the basics of method validation.
  
• HISTORY OF CHROMATOGRAPHY
  The 30th Anniversary of the Minnesota Chromatography Forum
  Peter R. Johnson
  Peter Johnson gives readers the history of the well-known Minnesota Chromatography Forum.
  

ARTICLE

• Buffer Considerations for LC and LC-MS
  Xavier Subirats, Elisabeth Bosch, and Martí Rosés
  The authors examine some critical factors with regard to buffers in LC and LC-MS research.
  

DEPARTMENTS

• From the Editor
• Peaks of Interest
• Products
• Literature
• Calendar
• Classified Directory
• Ad Index

COLUMNS

• COLUMN WATCH
  Adjustment to the Chromatographic System in U.S. Pharmacopeia Monographs: Flexibility and Limitations
  Ravi Ravichandran and Horacio N. Pappa
  The guest authors discuss the flexibility and limitations of the system suitability provisions of U.S. Pharmacopeia's General Chapter Chromatography <621>. Adjustments to the ratio and pH of mobile phase components, flow rate, temperature, stationary phase particle size, column dimensions, and injection volume are a few of the experimental parameters discussed.
  
• LC TROUBLESHOOTING
  Integration Problems
  John W. Dolan
  Proper integration procedures is a topic that comes up with surprising regularity. In this month's installment of "LC Troubleshooting," John Dolan looks at some aspects of integration.
  
• MS-THE PRACTICAL ART
  The Reality of Lab-on-a-Chip Technology for the Mass Spectrometry Laboratory
  Jack Henion
  In this installment of "MS-The Practical Art," guest columnist Jack Henion presents an historical and practical overview of lab-on-a-chip (LOC) research and the commercial achievement associated with it so far. Significantly, he addresses the technical challenges that currently stand in the way of integrating a truly useful LOC format with mass spectrometer operation and, ultimately, winning wide acceptance among users.
  

ARTICLE

• Review of Volatile Perfluorocarboxylic Acids as Ion Pair Reagents in LC: Part II
  Wayne O. Aruda and Kenneth O. Aruda
  Ionization suppression is a complex phenomenon associated with atmospheric pressure-based ionization techniques such as electrospray (ESI) that affects a mass spectrometer detector. Here the authors summarize, in chronological order, some observations on ionization suppression with these reagents.
  

DEPARTMENTS

• From the Editor
• Peaks of Interest
• Products
• Literature
• Classified Directory
• Ad Index

COLUMNS

• COLUMN WATCH
  Highlights of HPLC 2009
  Ronald E. Majors
  Ron Majors provides first-hand coverage of some of the technology and application advances reported at HPLC 2009.
  
• LC TROUBLESHOOTING
  Method or System?
  John W. Dolan
  This month's LC Troubleshooting discusses the type of problems one can encounter when using methods supplied to us by others.
  
• GC CONNECTIONS
  Get Involved!
  John V. Hinshaw
  John Hinshaw takes a break from the technical and visits a number of chromatography forums and discussion groups.
  
• DIRECTIONS IN DISCOVERY
  Standardizing Proteomics: Results of a Collaborative Study
  Tim Wehr
  A multilaboratory collaborative study organized by the Human Proteome Organization demonstrated that participating laboratories had difficulty in identifying components of a simple protein mixture.
  
• HISTORY OF CHROMATOGRAPHY
  My 50+ Years in Chromatography
  Leslie Ettre
  The former "Milestones in Chromatography" editor returns to give readers the story of his time in the field of chromatography.
  

ARTICLE

• Asymmetrical Flow FFF as an Analytical Tool for the Investigation of the Physical Stability of Virus-Like Particles
  R. Lang, L. Vogt, A. Zrcher, and G. Winter
  In this study, the rational development of asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation methods (AF4) for the investigation of VLP is illustrated.
  

DEPARTMENTS

• From the Editor
• Peaks of Interest
• Products
• Literature
• Calendar
• Classified Directory
• Ad Index

COLUMNS

• COLUMN WATCH
  The Advent and Potential Impact of Ionic Liquid Stationary Phases in GC and GCxGC
  Daniel W. Armstrong, Tharanga Payagala, and Leonard M. Sidisky
  Ionic liquids appear to have some very good properties for GC stationary phases. Guest columnists explore how they can be tweaked to mimic the popular stationary phases of today.
  
• LC TROUBLESHOOTING
  Too Many Changes
  John W. Dolan
  John Dolan frequently receives emails from various readers with questions or problems, and often, they provide the basis for an "LC Troubleshooting" installment. This month, he looks at one of those problems and the insight it gave into the affects that certain changes will make with an LC method.
  
• MS - THE PRACTICAL ART
  Commercialization of LC-MS: The Second Decade
  Michael P. Balogh
  Columnist Michael Balogh looks back on a 1997 LCGC article he wrote, and examines how many technological advances the field of mass spectrometry has witnessed in the decade since, while also looking at what has not changed.
  

ARTICLES

• The Application of Capillary Electrophoresis for Vaccine Release and Characterization
  Brian K. Nunnally
  Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is increasingly being used in vaccine analysis. Through a Q&A format, this article illustrates some of the uses of CE in this area.
  
• Review of Volatile Perfluorocarboxylic Acids as Ion Pair Reagents in LC: Part I
  Wayne O. Aruda and Kenneth O. Aruda
  It has been reported that ion pairing is less popular today than in the past. However, volatile perfluorocarboxylic acids of longer nalkyl chain (instead of TFA) are increasingly popular as ion pair reagents because of their compatibility with LC and UV. They are explored and reviewed here.
  

DEPARTMENTS

• From the Editor
• Peaks of Interest
• Products
• Literature
• Calendar
• Short Courses
• Classified Directory
• Ad Index

COLUMNS

• SAMPLE PREP PERSPECTIVES
  Salting-out Liquid-Liquid Extraction (SALLE)
  Ronald E. Majors
  Ron Majors discusses the technique of Salting-out Liquid-Liquid Extraction (SALLE) and provides some examples of its successful application.
  
• LC TROUBLESHOOTING
  Calibration Curves, Part V: Curve Weighting
  John W. Dolan
  This is the fifth and final installment in a series of "LC Troubleshooting" columns about various aspects of calibration of liquid chromatographic (LC) methods.
  
• GC CONNECTIONS
  Pinning Down Tailing Peaks, Part II: Quantitative Measurement
  John V. Hinshaw
  Continuing a series on peak tailing in chromatography, John Hinshaw discusses the effects that peak tailing has on quantitative measurement of peak height and area.
  
• VALIDATION VIEWPOINT
  Analytical Method Validation for Biotechnology Proteins, Peptides, and Antibodies
  Michael Swartz and Ira Krull
  The authors explore how true (complete) method validation of biopharmaceuticals must be forthcoming.
  
• DIRECTIONS IN DISCOVERY
  Standardizing Proteomics
  Tim Wehr
  Following the sequencing of the human genome, the biological science community has moved to tackle the human proteome.
  

ARTICLE

• A Novel Sample Preparation Approach to Increase the Throughput of Pesticide Analysis by LC-MS-MS
  Joseph McClory, Robert Henze, Keith Tucker, and Robert Thomas
  The authors evaluate a new approach to sample preparation for the analysis of pesticides in raw agricultural commodities.
  

DEPARTMENTS

• From the Editor
• Peaks of Interest
• Products
• Literature
• Classified Directory
• Ad Index

COLUMNS

• COLUMN WATCH
  The Continuing Acetonitrile Shortage: How to Combat it or Live with It
  Ronald E. Majors
  Ron Majors provides an unbiased look at this present crisis and gives alternative solutions with the intent to reduce (not necessarily eliminate) the use of copious amounts of acetonitrile in HPLC and sample preparation.
  
• LC TROUBLESHOOTING
  Calibration Curves, Part IV: Choosing the Appropriate Model
  John W. Dolan
  Part IV of this series focuses on three different calibration models: external standardization, internal standardization, and the method of standard additions.
  
• MS - THE PRACTICAL ART
  Open Access, Automation, and the Promise of Simple Complexity
  Michael P. Balogh
  Columnist Michael Balogh looks at the questions: Where are we now? What do the early MS innovators see as their legacy? And what can we expect according to those who now have 15 or 20 years of experience behind them?
  

ARTICLES

• ASMS Review
  Megan Evans
  Assistant Editor Megan Evans takes a look back at the annual ASMS Conference that was recently held in Philadelphia.
  
• Separation of Ionic Analytes via Supercritical Fluid Chromatography: Achieving the Impossible
  Larry T. Taylor
  The author looks at both the history and the recent developments in supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC), which has been practiced for nearly a half century.
  

DEPARTMENTS

• Peaks of Interest
• Products
• Literature
• Classified Directory
• Ad Index

COLUMNS

• SAMPLE PREP PERSPECTIVES
  Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction (SBSE) and Headspace Sorptive Extraction (HSSE): An Overview
  Carlo Bicchi, Erica Liberto, Chiara Cordero, Barbara Sgorbini, and Patrizia Rubiolo
  The guest columnists review SBSE and HSSE and examine their advantages and limitations, along with providing approaches to overcoming the latter.
  
• LC TROUBLESHOOTING
  Calibration Curves III: A Different View
  John W. Dolan
  This is the third installment in a series of LC Troubleshooting columns that focus on calibration curves used for liquid chromatographic (LC) methods. Here, John Dolan considers some alternate ways to look at the data to determine if they appear to be normal or are trying to tell us that something is amiss.
  
• GC CONNECTIONS
  Pittcon 2009 GC Systems and Accessories Review
  John V. Hinshaw
  John Hinshaw presents his review of all that was new and innovative at Pittcon 2009 in the field of gas chromatography.
  

ARTICLES

• Evaporation-Free Extraction and Application in High-Throughput Bioanalysis by LC-MS-MS
  Aimin Tan, Saleh Hussain, and Fran‡ois Vallée
  Presented here are four types of evaporation-free extraction that are widely applicable.
  
• Effects of Sample-Dissolving Solvents and Sample Ionic Strength in Routine CE Operation
  Kevin Altria
  The ionic strength of a sample and the solvent used to dissolve it play a pivotal role in routine capillary electrophoresis (CE).
  

DEPARTMENTS

• From the Editor
• Peaks of Interest
• Products
• Literature
• Classified Directory
• Ad Index

COLUMNS

• COLUMN WATCH
  New Chromatography Columns and Accessories at Pittcon 2009: Part II
  Ronald E. Majors
  Ron Majors brings readers the second part of his yearly review of all that was new and innovative at the annual Pittsburgh Conference.
  
• LC TROUBLESHOOTING
  Calibration Curves, Part II: What are the Limits?
  John W. Dolan
  In part two of this series, John Dolan looks at the signal-to-noise ratio and its relationship to uncertainty in a measurement.
  
• MS - THE PRACTICAL ART
  Alternative Futures: Biofuels and Mass Spectrometry
  Michael P. Balogh
  The use of mass spectrometry to study biofuels is examined and the advantages and disadvantages are explored.
  
• VALIDATION VIEWPOINT A Quality-by-Design Methodology for Rapid LC Method
  Development, Part III
  Joseph Turpin, Patrick H. Lukulay, and Richard Verseput
  The guest columnists continue their examination of how statistically rigorous QbD principles can be put into practice.
  

ARTICLE

• Approaches to Singleton Achiral Purification of Difficult Samples for Discovery Research Support in the Pharmaceutical Industry
  Tony Q. Yan, Jim Bradow, Shang-Poa Chang, Rob Depianta, and Laurence Philippe
  Several approaches for purifying difficult samples more efficiently for discovery research support are mentioned in this paper. These approaches use mass triggered high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on various specialty columns.
  

DEPARTMENTS

• Peaks of Interest
• Products
• Literature
• Calendar
• Short Courses
• Classified Directory
• Ad Index

COLUMNS

• COLUMN WATCH
  New Chromatography Columns and Accessories at Pittcon 2009: Part I
  Ronald E. Majors
  Ron Majors brings readers his yearly review of all that was new and innovative at the annual Pittsburgh Conference.
  
• LC TROUBLESHOOTING
  Calibration Curves, Part I: To b or Not to b?
  John W. Dolan
  This month's "LC Troubleshooting" looks at some different calibration models, how to decide if a calibration curve goes through zero, and some problems that can occur if the wrong choices are made.
  
• GC CONNECTIONS
  Pinning Down Tailing Peaks
  John V. Hinshaw
  The causes and cures for peak tailing are discussed, along with the various ways that chromatographers measure tailing peaks.
  
• DIRECTIONS IN DISCOVERY
  Electrostatic Repulsion Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography - A New Tool for Enrichment of Phospho- and Glycopeptides
  Tim Wehr
  ERLIC is a new technique that shows promise as an alternative or complementary technique for both enrichment and separation of these posttranslationally-modified peptides.
  

ARTICLES

• The 2009 LCGC Awards
  David Walsh
  LCGC hands out a pair of awards at Pittcon 2009 in Chicago.
  
• Separation, Identification, and Quantitation of Water-Soluble Vitamins by HPLC
  Karyn M. Usher, Anna Glinko, Michael J. Bozym, and Michelle L. Owens
  The authors set out to perform a separation of seven water-soluble vitamins without the use of ion-pair reagents.
  

DEPARTMENTS

• Peaks of Interest
• Products
• Literature
• Classified Directory
• Ad Index

COLUMNS

• SAMPLE PREP PERSPECTIVES
  Extraction and Preconcentration of Residues and Contaminants in Food Samples Using Membrane Techniques
  Titus A.M. Msagati, Luke Chimuka, Ewa Cukrowska, and Hlanganani Tutu
  Guest authors from South Africa review the application of membranes in the extraction, preconcentration, and separation of various contaminants in foods.
  
• LC TROUBLESHOOTING
  Testing Method Performance
  John W. Dolan
  This month's "LC Troubleshooting" discussion will center on the recommendations of the CDER document, especially in terms of what it means from a practical method performance standpoint.
  
• MS - THE PRACTICAL ART
  A Mass Spectrometry Primer, Part IV
  Michael P. Balogh
  This column completes the multipart MS primer with a list of terms derived from common usage throughout various industries.
  
• HISTORY OF CHROMATOGRAPHY
  The Early Days of HPLC at DuPont
  Richard A. Henry
  Guest columnist Dick Henry traces the history of HPLC back more than 40 years, starting with his days at DuPont.
  

ARTICLES

• Facilitating Discovery of Prion Disease Biomarkers by Quantitative Glycoproteomics
  Xin Wei, Allen Herbst, Joshua Schmidt, Judd Aiken, and Lingjun Li
  The authors examine MS-based methods to search for protein biomarkers of prion diseases from plasma samples.
  
• ICP-MS Detection for HPLC Analyses of Pharmaceutical Products
  Tim Shelbourn, Leah Williamson, Todd Gillespie, and Robert Montgomery
  The authors investigate applications for ICP-MS detection with reversed-phase HPLC.
  

DEPARTMENTS

• From the Editor
• Peaks of Interest
• Products
• Literature
• Calendar
• Short Courses
• Classified Directory
• Ad Index

COLUMNS

• COLUMN WATCH
  Improving Protein Separations with Mixed-Mode Chromatography
  Andrew Lees and Marty Burkhardt
  Guest authors show how mixed modes can be used successfully in the optimization of protein purification, and discuss how various experimental parameters such as pH, buffer choice, and buffer strength can be used to regulate the binding of proteins to mixed-mode sorbents.
  
• LC TROUBLESHOOTING
  Problems from East and West
  John W. Dolan
  At the beginning of the year, it is good to look back in time - are there things that we can learn from the past? After a series of troubleshooting and method development seminars in Istanbul, Turkey and Amman, Jordan, John Dolan looks back.
  
• GC CONNECTIONS
  Optimizing Detector Setup and Operating Conditions
  John V. Hinshaw
  This month, John Hinshaw examines the environment, setup, and operating conditions necessary to ensure high gas chromatography detector performance and reliability.
  
• VALIDATION VIEWPOINT
  A Quality-by-Design Methodology for Rapid LC Method Development, Part II
  Joseph Turpin, Patrick H. Lukulay, and Richard Verseput
  This second part of the series describes the data loss inherent in most early method development experiments due to coelution, peak exchange, and the general difficulty of accurately identifying peaks across the experiment trial chromatograms.
  

ARTICLE

• Asymmetric Flow Field Flow Fractionation: A Powerful Method for Polymer Characterization
  Stepan Podzimek, Petr Lebeda, and Christoph Johann
  Asymmetric flow field flow fractionation is a type of field flow fractionation (FFF) separation technique. FFF has been co-existing with size exclusion chromatography (SEC) for several decades.
  

DEPARTMENTS

• Peaks of Interest
• Products
• Literature
• Calendar
• Short Courses
• Classified Directory
• Ad Index